The term in the lighting.

1. light: light source, there are many, different types, such as the par 38, halogen, spot, follow light, focus light, etc..
2. holder: lamp holder.
3. Cable: electrically conductive.
4. Dimmer: tool to adjust the light intensity.
5. play light: light that serves to illuminate the stage as a whole.
6. foot light: light to illuminate the bottom of the stage.
7. wing light: light to illuminate the side of the stage.
8. front light: light to illuminate the stage from the front.
9. back light: lighting to illuminate the back of the stage, usually placed at the back of the stage.
10. silhouette light: light to form silhouette on a backdrop.
11. upper light: light to menerang the center of the stage, usually placed directly above the stage.
12. tools: lighting support equipment, such as circuit breaker (fuse), pliers, scissors, insulators, solder, hammer, tespen, cutter, avometer, switch, stopcontact, jumpers, etc..
13. series of light, which is installed in series or individually. (1 channel 1 lamp)
14. parallel light, which is installed in parallel (1 channel some lights).

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Types of illustration

Digolo and Mazrui subcategorize illustration into the techniques, which are being applied, such as: drawing, painting, printing and pasting. These technices affect the art in various ways, being chosen for the different impact the chosen medium produces. The choice can be based on the requirements of the illustration, constraints of the artist, cost, or other factors.

Various illustration techniques have been available to the artist over the centuries. The invention of paper pushed its boundaries even further. Traditional illustration focuses on reproducible ways of creating illustration and can be classified into different types:

• Engraving
• Etching

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History Of Illustration

Early history

The earliest illustrations were prehistoric cave paintings. Before the invention of the printing press, books, such as Medieval illuminated manuscripts, were hand-illustrated. Woodblock printing in Japan and China has been used to illustrate printed books since the 8th century.

15th century through 18th century

During the 15th century, books illustrated with woodcut illustrations became available. The main processes used for reproduction of illustrations during the 16th and 17th centuries were engraving and etching. At the end of the 18th century, lithography allowed even better illustrations to be reproduced. The most notable illustrator of this epoch was William Blake who rendered his illustrations in the medium of relief etching.

Illustration by Santiago Martinez Delgado.

Early to mid 19th century

Notable figures of the early

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Pre-production

Pre-production or In Production is the process of preparing all the elements involved in a film, play, or other performance. Pre-production ends when the planning ends and the content starts being produced.

 

In film

In filmmaking and video production, pre-production formally begins once a project has been greenlit. At this stage, finalizing preparations for production go into effect. Financing will generally be confirmed and many of the key elements such as principal cast members, director and cinematographer are set. By the end of pre-production, the screenplay is hopefully finalized and satisfactory to all the fi

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Types of Sound

Sound can be divided into two essential areas:

Diegetic	:  Generated by things we can see in the picture ('from within the world of the narrative')
Non Diegetic	: Generated outside the picture ('from outside the world of the narrative') e.g. voice over or music

Diegetic Sound

Diegetic sound begins –but doesn't end– with what you record on location at the same time as you capture images. Locati

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Computer animation

Computer animation encompasses a variety of techniques, the unifying factor being that the animation is created digitally on a computer. This animation takes less time than previous traditional animation.

2D animation

2D animation figures are created and/or edited on the computer using 2D bitmap graphics or created and edited using 2D vector graphics. This includes automated computerized versions of traditional animation techniques such as of, interpolated morphing, onion skinning and interpolated rotoscoping.

2D animation has many applications, including analog computer animation, Flash animation and PowerPoint animation. Cinemagraphs are still photographs in the form of an animated GIF file of which part is animated.

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Traditional animation

An example of traditional animation, a horse animated by rotoscoping from Eadweard Muybridge's 19th century photos

Traditional animation (also called cel animation or hand-drawn animation) was the process used for most animated films of the 20th century. The individual frames of a traditionally animated film are photographs of drawings, which are first drawn on paper. To create the illusion of movement, each drawing differs slightly from the one before it. The animators' drawings are traced or photocopied onto transparent acetate sheets called cels, which are filled in with paints in assigned colors or tones on the side opposite the line drawings. The completed character cels are photographed one-by-one onto motion picture film against a painted background by a rostrum camera.

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History Of Animation

Five images sequence from a vase found in Iran

An Egyptian burial chamber mural, approximately 4000 years old, showing wrestlers in action. Even though this may appear similar to a series of animation drawings, there was no way of viewing the images in motion. It does, however, indicate the artist's intention of depicting motion.

Early examples of attempts to capture the phenomenon of motion drawing can be found in paleolithic cave paintings, where animals are depicted with multiple legs in superimposed positions, clearly attempting to convey the perception of motion.

A 5,000 year old earthen bowl found in Iran in Shahr-i Sokhta has five images of a goat painted along the sides. This has been claimed to be an example of early animation. However, since no equipment existed to show the images in motion, such a series of images cannot be called animation in a true sense of the word.

A Chinese zoetrope-type device had been invented in 180 AD. The phenakistoscope, praxinoscope, and the common flip book were early popular animation devices invented during the 19th century.

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TATA BASIC PRINCIPLES OF LIGHT

1. Key Light

The main light to illuminate the subject, intensistas high light, with the device hardware fixed (Spot). The location of the light source on the right / left at an angle of 30-45 from the center line camera to the subject.

2. fill Light
Penyaput light image produced key light. Light intensity is lower than the key light. Transmitting light spread (flood) The location of the light source lies opposite the key light.

3. back Light

The light comes from behind the subject which serves to give the impression of three-dimensional and separate background with light subjek.Intensitas equal to or greater than the key light. Transmitting towards spot or flood light, angles down towards the subjects between 30-45.

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Direction of Light

Lighting is distinguished by the direction of light and the light falling on your subject can be distinguished:

• Top Light

Light coming from the direction of the subject, as the ambient / base also creates a depressed mood light on the subject.

• Eye Light

Light directed at the eye position of the subject in order to strengthen the power generated from the eye.

• Accent Light

The light that is created as an accent beyond the subject to create depth and a certain mood. Usually aimed at the background

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QUALITY OF LIGHT

• Hard light

Called the harsh light generated from the light source with high intensity, light is more spot. Produces high contrast and harsh shadows (dark - bright).

• Soft Light

Also called a soft light as generated from the light source with
lembih low-intensity light and transmitting light and fluffy terpendar
usually emitted light is accompanied by a flood and filter
or smoothing element pemendaran cahaya.Kontras produced thinner
so that the image produced is not too hard.

Light by lighting the basic concepts can be distinguished:

• Natural Light

Natural light sources of light in a frame or scene adengan and sourced from the light that is natural. For example, the morning light from the east (key). Then the shot-shot scene is key lightnya preformance from the same direction.

• Pictorial Light / Light arificial

The light that is artistic or creation., Formed according to the needs of artisti, mood a scene or scene. So the direction of the light source (key) can vary according to the needs of artistic images or mood of the scene.

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Attractions / Purpose Light Setup

Lighting have 6 (six) of important basic lighting, namely:

1. Illuminating,

Which illuminates the object and subject-related needs
electronic camera work system called light or light base foundation.

2. Creating a 3-D (three-dimensional) perspective
 Because the screen is a 2-D material (two-dimensional), the depth can be generated by processing the camera angle, camera blocking, set design, and the use of light-related tat texture, shape (some form), form (shape).

3. Guiding the audience's attention

The light mengharahkan the audience's attention to the important elements of a scine.

4. Create the mood of a adengan (essential mood).

As it was dark for a dramatic mystery condition, bright atmosphere in conditions of happiness or joy.

5. Explaining time,

That morning - redness, during the day - bright / sunny, late afternoon / early evening - reddish violet.

6. Mengkotribusikan aesthetic aspects in pengkomposisian,

For example, someone walked out of the shadows passing under a bright light and then headed into the dark again.

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BASIC BASIC PROCEDURE LIGHT

ABSTRACT

Lighting is an essential part of a production program
televise.Tanpa the right lighting, the camera can not
produce images with clear and accurate

Lighting is also a creative part in a television production,
as a result of the image can be captured by the camera according to a specific mood

completely determined work of lighting. Therefore the above, the lighting is part of an art and a science.

Camera and Lighting Work

Electronic camera work is strongly influenced by the lighting system. case
This is consistent with the character of the system of recording images by the camera electronics,
so that issues regarding the lighting is very important role in
an image recording activity.

The light source is distinguished by:

1. The light comes from nature, such as sunlight (natural light / daylight)

2. The light that is created or sourced from the light, the fire (an artificial light / tangten)

The light source itself has the characteristics of light type and intensity
light variety. We ignore this problem, we try to treat a system that is applicable to the work kamera.Seperti basic lighting theory.

In any shooting affected by lighting conditions
No, whatever the conditions but results have also followed the lighting conditions.

But to get the maximum results, we can
follow basic lighting theory applies, although in practice we can develop our creations as you wish, and the results will be achieved.

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Angle Shooting

Another technique is said to be due to not only rely on the angle, the size of the image, camera movement and objects but also other elements such as light, property and the environment. Average shooting using these techniques produce more dramatic impression.
· Backlight Shot: shooting technique to the object with lighting from behind.· Reflection Shot: retrieval techniques are not directed at the object but from a mirror / water to reflective objects.· Door Frame Shot: images taken from outside the door while the scene is in the room.· Artificial Framing Shot: objects such as leaves or twigs placed in front of the camera so as if the object were taken from behind the branches.· Jaws Shot: the camera object as if surprised to see the camera.· Framing with Background: stay focused in front of the object, but the background is raised so that there is a wonderful impression.· The Secret of Foreground Framing Shot: making objects that are in front to the background so that it becomes a fusion scene.· Tripod Transition: the position of the camera is on a tripod and switch from one object to another object quickly.· Artificial Hairlight: Hair object given the effects of artificial light so shine and more dramatic.· Fast Road Effect: techniques taken from the car while speeding.· Walking Shot: This technique of taking a picture on the object that is running. Typically used to indicate the person who was walking in a hurry or being something.
· Over Shoulder: shooting from behind the object, the object is usually only seen head or shoulders only. Taking this to show that the object was seeing something or may object conversing.
· Profile Shot: if two people are in dialogue, but taking pictures from the side, the camera shows the first and the second two-camera showed.

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Technique of taking pictures with a moving camera

Camera movement will produce different images. Therefore, it is distinguished by the following terms:

· Zoom In / Zoom Out: The camera moves away and approaching object by using the zoom button on the camera.

· Panning: movement of the camera turned to the left and to the right of the tripod.

· Tilting: camera movement up and down. Tilt Up if the camera tilt up and down when the camera nodded.

· Dolly: position the camera on a tripod and the wheels on the ground. In Dolly Dolly if it moves forward and out when moving away.

· Follow: camera movement to follow a moving object.

· Crane shot: the movement of a camera mounted on wheels crane.

· Fading: change the picture slowly. Fade in when images appear and fade out if the image disappears and cross fade if the figures 1 and 2 interchangeable simultaneously.

· Framing: the object is in framing Shot. In the frame when entering the frame and the frame out if out frame.

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Shooting technique without moving the camera

Shooting technique without moving the camera, so it's pretty moving objects.

· Attraction moves parallel to the camera.

· Walk In: Objects moving toward the camera.

· Walk Away: The object moves away from the camera.

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How to capture image

Taking pictures of an object can be done in five ways:

· Bird Eye View
Shooting technique is done with the camera height above the height of the object. The result will look spacious surroundings and other objects appear small and scattered.

· High Angle
The angle of the object so that the object looks so impressively small. This technique has a dramatic impression that the value of "dwarf".

· Low Angle
Downward angle of the object so that the object looks so impressively large. This technique has a dramatic impression that the great value / prominance, authoritative, powerful, dominant.

· Eye Level

Angles parallel to the object. The results showed catch someone's eye view. This technique does not have a dramatic but natural impression.

· Frog Eye
Elevation angle shooting with the camera parallel to the base / base object position or lower. The result will look as if the eyes of the audience representing the frog's eyes.

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Glossary terms in shooting

Image size is normally associated with taking the pictures, the emotions, situations and objects Events. There is an assortment of terms, among others:

· Extreme Close Up (ECU / XCU): capture highly detailed images that look like a player or a lip or nose tip of the heel of the shoe.

· Big Close Up (BCU): taking pictures of the extent of the head to the chin.

· Close Up (CU): images taken from close range, only a portion of the object that looks like a face only a pair of legs only, or new shoes

· Medium Close Up: (MCU) is similar to MS, if the person and the object is taken from the chest up.

· Medium Shot (MS): retrieval from medium distance, if the object is visible only half the body alone (from the belly / waist up).

· Knee Shot (KS): object shooting from head to knees.

· Full Shot (FS): object shooting in full from head to toe.

· Long Shot (LS): decision overall. Image taken from a distance, the whole object exposed to background objects.

· Medium Long Shot (MLS): images taken from a reasonable distance, so if for example there are 3 objects then all will be visible. If the object is a person then looks from head to knees.

· Extreme Long Shot (XLS): images taken from very far away, you'll enjoy is not an object anymore but his background. Thus it can be seen the position of the object to its environment.

· One Shot (1S): Taking pictures of the objects.

· Two Shot (2S): shooting two people.

· Three Shot (3S): shooting three people.

· Group Shot (GS): a group of people taking pictures.

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Download Macromedia Dreamweaver Tutorial

For those of you who want to learn Macromedia Dreamweaver you can directly download the tutorial. In this tutorial discusses all the ins and outs of Macromedia Dreamweaver, It will be very useful for those of you who still do not know very well about this application.

Download:
- Macromedia Dreamweaver Tutorial

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ADOBE PREMIERE

Adobe Premiere is one of the popular software and widely used in video editing. A common interface with Adobe Premiere Adobe PhotoShop and Adobe After Effects is to provide convenience in use, image - image can be prepared with adobe photoshop and effect - special effects can also be prepared from adobe after effects.
In this article will explain how to use Adobe Premiere Pro. Explanation gambat equipped with readers that make it easier to understand the contents of the article.

 

 Part On Toll

 

 

Adobe Premiere is a program that is commonly used by production houses, television and practitioners in the field. The advantage to learn how to edit video using
Adobe Premiere is this program really easy to learn and within a short time you can reach the advanced level, although it is still a beginner. If interested, you can get fast guidelines on computer bulletin this edition.
Computer bulletin this edition discusses how to quickly master the technique of video editing using Adobe Premiere. You will learn from how capture, video editing, creating effects and transitions, so making a video output in the form of VCDs. If you like to make videos and want to publish it yourself, do not miss the bulletin How Quick Editing Video with Adobe Premiere it.

 

Main Function Premiere Pro 

Premiere Pro's main function is more to assemble pictures, video and audio, not for animation. In order for your multimedia look more attractive, should also learn animation and graphics software such as 3D Studio Max, After Effects, Adobe Photoshop and other multimedia utilities. 

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