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Image size is normally associated with taking the pictures, the emotions, situations and objects Events. There is an assortment of terms, among others:
· Extreme Close Up (ECU / XCU): capture highly detailed images that look like a player or a lip or nose tip of the heel of the shoe.
· Big Close Up (BCU): taking pictures of the extent of the head to the chin.
· Close Up (CU): images taken from close range, only a portion of the object that looks like a face only a pair of legs only, or new shoes
· Medium Close Up: (MCU) is similar to MS, if the person and the object is taken from the chest up.
· Medium Shot (MS): retrieval from medium distance, if the object is visible only half the body alone (from the belly / waist up).
· Knee Shot (KS): object shooting from head to knees.
· Full Shot (FS): object shooting in full from head to toe.
· Long Shot (LS): decision overall. Image taken from a distance, the whole object exposed to background objects.
· Medium Long Shot (MLS): images taken from a reasonable distance, so if for example there are 3 objects then all will be visible. If the object is a person then looks from head to knees.
· Extreme Long Shot (XLS): images taken from very far away, you'll enjoy is not an object anymore but his background. Thus it can be seen the position of the object to its environment.
· One Shot (1S): Taking pictures of the objects.
· Two Shot (2S): shooting two people.
· Three Shot (3S): shooting three people.
· Group Shot (GS): a group of people taking pictures.
At the ecosystem steady, the number of larger producers than consumers. When broken down further lebh larger than the number of manufacturers of consumer I, the consumer is greater than the consumer I II, III consumer is greater than consumer II and so on. If these circumstances we have described will form a food pyramid. The food pyramid tigkatan organization of living things based on the relationship eat eat.
Each group of organisms on the pyramids ate occupy a certain level called trophic levels. Manufacturers always menenpati trophic I, II primary consumer trophic occupy, occupy secondary consumer trophic III, and so on. The lower trofiknya, the greater the energy content or biomasanya.
Pyramid food pyramid called the number and it is one type of ecological pyramid. Mnurut function, ecological pyramid is divided into several types, namely
1. pyramid amount
2. pyramid of biomass
3. pyramid energy
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Based on the system of government Indonesia before the Amended 1945 Constitution.
The system of government is contained in the description of the 1945 Constitution on 7 key principal system of government. That is:
• Indonesia is a state based on law (rechtsstaat)• Constitutional System.• The highest authority in the hands of the Assembly• The President is the supreme organizer of the State government under MPR.• The President is not accountable to Parliament.• Minister of State is a presidential aide, and is not responsible for the Parliament.• Head of State power is not infinite.
Based
on seven key principal, the system of government of Indonesia according
to the 1945 adopted a presidential system of government.The system of government is run during the New Order under the leadership of President Suharto.The hallmark of the presidential system of government is a tremendous power in the presidency.
At the time of this system of government, based on the 1945 Constitution, the president's powers are as follows:
• Holders of legislative power.• Holders of power as the head of government.• Holders of power as the head of state.• Supreme Commander of the military.• The right to appoint and appoint the members of the Assembly of the regional representatives or class.• The right to appoint ministers and state officials.• The right to declare war, make peace, and treaties with other countries.• The right to appoint ambassadors and receive ambassadors from other countries.• Eligible to give the mat, service marks, and others - another sign of honor.• The right to grant clemency, amnesty, abolition and rehabilitation.
Negative impacts that occur from a presidential system of government that is is as follows:
• There was a concentration of state power in one institution, namely the president.• The role of oversight and representative parliament weaker.• Officials - State officials are appointed loyal and tend to be utilized to support the continuity of the president's powers.• The policy is likely to benefit the people - those close to the president.• Create a service learning behavior.• There was a personification of the president considered the State.• People made increasingly powerless, and subject to the president.
The positive effect that occurs from a presidential system of government that is is as follows:
• The President can control the entire government administration.• The President was able to create a compact and solid governance.• The government system is more stable, not easily fall or change.• Conflict and conflict between state officials can be avoided.
Indonesia entered the reform era. Where the Indonesian nation wants and is determined to create a system of democratic governance. Therefore the need to establish the rule of the constitution (constitutional). Characterized as follows:• A limitation of executive power.• Guarantees of rights - human rights and citizens.
II. Based on the system of government Indonesia after the 1945 Amended.
Principal - the principal system of government is as follows:
• The state of unity with the principle of autonomy. The territory was divided into several provinces.• The form of government is a Republic.• The system of government is presidential.• The President is the head of state and head of government.• Cabinet or a minister appointed by the president and is responsible to the president.• Parliament consists of two (bicameral), the DPR and DPD.• Judicial power is run by the supreme court and judicial bodies underneath.
The system of government is largely still adheres sitem presidential. This is evident with the president as head of state and head of government. The president also is outside the direct control of the House and is not responsible for the parliament.
Several variations of the presidential system of government in Indonesia is as follows:
• President at any time - can be dismissed the Assembly on the proposal and consideration of the House.• President to appoint State officials need consideration and / or approval of Parliament.• President to issue specific policies need to be considered and / or approved by Parliament.• Parliament given greater powers in terms of shaping legislation - legislation and the right budget (budget).
Thus, no changes - new changes in the Indonesian system. It is intended to improve the old presidential system. The
new changes, such as the direct election of the president, bicameral
systems, checks and balances, and giving greater powers to the
parliament to conduct oversight and budgetary functions.
In early discovery, volleyball game sport is named Mintonette. Mintonette sport was first invented by a physical education instructor (Director of Phsycal Education) named William G. Morgan at the YMCA on February 9, 1895, in Holyoke, Massachusetts (USA).
William G. Morgan was born in Lockport, New York in 1870, and died in 1942. YMCA
(Young Men's Christian Association) is an organization dedicated to
teaching the basic teachings of Christianity to the youth, as taught by
Jesus. This organization was established on June 6, 1884 in London, England by William George.
After
meeting with James Naismith (the creator of the sport of basketball was
born on November 6, 1861, and died on 28 November 1939), Morgan created
a new sport called Mintonette. Similarly, James Naismith, William G. Morgan also dedicates her life as a physical education instructor. William G. Morgan
is also a graduate of Springfield College of the YMCA, created the game
Mintonette four years after the creation of the sports game basketball
by James Naismith. Sports Mintonette game is actually a game that was created by combining several types of games. Precisely,
Mintonette game created by adopting four different characters into one
game sports, namely basketball, baseball, tennis, and the last is
handball (handball). At
first, the game was created specifically for YMCA members who are not
young anymore, so the game is not as active-even basketball games.
Mintonette
name change to volleyball (volleyball) occurred in 1896, in his first
game demonstration at the International YMCA Training School. In early 1896, Dr. Luther
Halsey Gulick (Director of the Professional Training School Physical
Education as well as the Executive Director of the Department of
Physical Education of the International Committee of the YMCA) called
and asked Morgan to demonstrate the new game he had created a new campus
stadium. At a conference held at the campus YMCA, Springfield was also attended by the entire physical education instructor. On the occasion, Morgan took two teams in each five-person team.
On
that occasion, Morgan also explained that the game is a game that can
be played inside or outside the room with a very liberal. And she explained at the time, this game can also be played by many players. There is no limit to the number of players in a standard game. While
the goal of the game is to keep the ball in order to keep moving higher
over the net, from one area to another (region opponent).
From time to time volleyball game constantly changing rules. As we now know as the libero in volleyball players.
Jazz is the kind of music that grew out of the merger of blues, ragtime, and European music, particularly band music. Several subgenres are Dixieland jazz, swing, bebop, hard bop, cool jazz, free jazz, jazz fusion, smooth jazz, and CafJazz. Jazz
is a genre of music that originated in the United States early in the
20th century with the roots of African music and jazz Eropa.Musik much
use of guitar, trombone, piano, trumpet, and saxophone. One important element in jazz is syncopation.
What is interesting is that the origin of the word "jazz" was derived from a vulgar term used for sexual acts. Most of rhythms in jazz ever associated with the brothels and the women with an unfortunate reputation. In
a way then, eventually became an art form of jazz music, both in
composition and improvisation, which reflected the spontaneous melodies.
Jazz musicians often express feelings that can not easily be explained, because this music should be felt in the heart. "If you ask, you'll never know" according to Louis Armstrong.
Jazz music was born in the United States alone in 1868. It was written by the researcher in the history of jazz and agreed upon by all parties. Although
jazz was born in the United States, but is now no longer confined to
jazz Americans, but has become a color music owned by the whole world.
Initially, jazz was born with a basic Blues. Then in around 1987 began to be known bentukRag Time, which at the time was in the form of piano playing in bars. Blues and Boogie Rag Time evolved into - Woogie. The forms are in addition to reaching the track itself, it is also evolving musical journey tracing jazz.
The
researchers suggested the music, the jazz form that can be considered
as an early form that develops over time to shape the current jazz, is a
form of jazz that are around the year 1915 to 1917. At that time, the Negro in New Orleans playing jazz with a distinctive style, also known as the New Orleans jazz.
New
Orleans jazz musicians, presenting their performances in bars, gambling
houses and even places of prostitution in those very thriving in New
Orleans. Because
they reduce public attention to the government and a lot of the crime,
then in 1917 entertainment in almost all New Orleans closed. Jazz music and evolved out of the city of New Orleans.
Jazz
musicians from New Orleans began to bring jazz music down the river
Mississippi, continues to the north to arrive in Detroit. In the 1920's jazz music has grown in New York, Cichago, Memphis and major cities in the United States.
History of drums began with the emergence of human civilization. drum beats have been linked to human birth. drum
is one of the musical instruments used in the du hutan.juga called
membranophone, means an instrument that makes sound and impressive
prolonged membrane with some type of object, usually a curved stick.
Drums
consist of a hollowed out piece (called the body), which extends to the
end of the drum, and tuning keys or pegs which stiffens or loosens the
membrane to achieve different tones. Which produces a rich sound when we play the drums is when we hit the drum membrane.
Here's the history of drums, drum instruments already exist in approximately 6000 BC. Mesopotamian excavations discovered small cylindrical drum dated 3000 BC. Inside
caves in Peru, there are a few paintings on the walls were found, signs
indicating the use of drums in various aspects of community life. Indians love using pumpkin and wood to make a drum alt and used for ritual ceremonies. Drums are not always used for creating music. But it is also used to communicate
African tribal cultures (also in the culture). The
people of different African tribes relied on the use of drums to
express themselves and convey an important message through a series of
drum beats throughout the forest.
When
it is found in history that one drummer can play two or more drums at
the same time, people started placing groups of drums together for one
musician to play. Drummers drumming not only of the same type but also from other cultures and around the world. The early 1930s found a new trick. The
musicians find the right placement on the drum by doing banyka
practice, one player could handle a set of drums, and the entire group
of drum players was not necessary anymore.
Double drumming is one drummer playing more than one drum. Cymbals
and tom toms, which originated in China has been added to the drum kit
from a quick drum to accommodate different set of drums. Cowbells, wood blocks, and chimes with extra beats. In the flow of history drums, drum kits in the 1930s have been made with various forms of the instrument in the armory. Drum Kit consisting of one foot and pedal bass drum, snare, hi hat cymbal, tom toms, and large hanging cymbals.
The 1960s saw the rise of rock drummers, who began the development of a standard drum kit at the time. Additional toms and cymbals, as well as the accumulation of another bass drum to boost speed were added. Then came the electronic drums that can produce a variety of sounds. Drums and musical instruments in use today.
